The periodontal ligament is connective tissue located between the cementum of the teeth and the alveolar bone of the mandibula. It plays an integral role in the maintenance and regeneration of periodontal tissue. The cells responsible for maintaining this tissue are thought to be fibroblasts, which can be either multipotent or composed of heterogeneous cell populations that differ in their function. Despite the similar morphology with gingival fibroblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLF) appear to display distinct functional activities in the maintenance of tissue integrity. It is known that PLF produce osteoblast-related extracellular matrix proteins and show higher alkaline phosphatase activity compared with gingival fibroblasts. PLF actively participate in immune and inflammatory events in periodontal diseases. HPLF from ScienCell Research Laboratories are isolated from human periodontal tissue. HPLF are cryopreserved at passage one and delivered frozen. Each vial contains >5 x 105 cells in 1 ml volume. HPLF are characterized by their spindle morphology and immunofluorescence with antibodies specific to fibronectin. HPLF are negative for HIV-1, HBV, HCV, mycoplasma, bacteria, yeast and fungi. HPLF are guaranteed to further expand for 15 population doublings under the conditions provided by ScienCell Research Laboratories. Recommended Medium It is recommended to use Fibroblast Medium (FM, Cat. #2301) for the culturing of HPLF in vitro.